Cellulitis is defined as an infection of the skin and soft tissue beneath the skin. The infection is usually due to bacteria that are commonly present on the skin or inner surface of the nose or mouth of otherwise normal and healthy people, most commonly staphylococci or streptococci. Cellulitis develops when there is a break

Diviya Patel, PharmD Candidate; Marcus Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM According to the 2013 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report, more than 2 million people each year become infected with bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics. As a result, about 23,000 people die from these infections.1 Bacterial drug resistance has rapidly spread in hospitals and communities

Nga Lam, PharmD Candidate; Marcus Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails. It is characterized by thickening of the nail, discoloring, shaping distortion, and detaching of nail plate from the nail bed. Onychomycosis is relatively common and accounts for approximately 35 million cases inthe United States.1 The major cause of

Nicholas Ellis, PharmD Candidate; Marcus W. Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM Sulfonylureas are a class of medications commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus; the second generation sulfonylureas currently used in practice include glimepiride, glyburide, and glipizide. These medications work by stimulating the pancreatic beta cells to secrete insulin, thereby lowering the body’s blood

Rebekah Stoner, Kimberly Clifton, PharmD Candidates; Marcus W. Campbell, PharmD BC-ADM Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common long-term complication of type 2 diabetes and occurs in up to 50% of patients with long-standing disease.1 DPN and its complications cost between $4.6 and $13.7 billion dollars in the United States annually.2Gabapentin, an anticonvulsant first approved in

Anna Liu, PharmD Candidate; Marcus W. Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM In the United States, 29.1 million people have diabetes.1 Patients are prescribed insulin due to insulin deficiency (type 1 diabetes) or insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes). Injectable insulin has been available since the 1920s. Insulin is the single most effective agent at controlling blood glucose levels and lowering

Adolfo Suarez, PharmD candidate; Marcus W. Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM Warfarin is an oral anticoagulation drug which inhibits blood clotting by preventing the production of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, as well as proteins C and S, all of which are synthesized by the liver. The assembly of these factors is dependent on vitamin K,

Bethany Crouse, PharmD Candidate; Shalyn Quigley, PharmD Oral anticoagulants are among the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States and may be used for thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation (AF) or venous thromboembolism (VTE).1 For many years, warfarin has been the preferred oral anticoagulant available for stroke prevention in AF or prophylaxis/treatment of VTE. However, 2010

By Tim Gordon and Bryan Koronowski, PharmD Candidates; Justin D. Scholl, PharmD, BCACP May 2014 The American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) recently developed a new guideline for the management of hyperlipidemia. The fundamental goal of this guideline is to identify a patient’s risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and

Phillip Rosel, Dhara Patel, Wendy Nguyen, Kevin Thu, PharmD Candidates; Marcus Campbell, PharmD, BC-ADM Warfarin, a vitamin K antagonist (VKA), results in the hospitalization of 1% of all patients being treated each year, and can cause fatal-bleeding in 0.3% of those treated.1 Normally used to prevent or treat venous thrombosis, warfarin can cause major bleeding events